Functionalist
Functionalism is a sociological perspective that views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote stability and social order. It emphasizes the importance of social institutions, such as family, education, and government, in fulfilling essential functions that contribute to the overall functioning of society. Each part plays a role in maintaining equilibrium and addressing social needs.
In psychology, functionalism focuses on how mental processes help individuals adapt to their environments. This approach, associated with figures like William James, examines the purpose of consciousness and behavior rather than just their structure. It emphasizes the practical applications of psychological research in everyday life.