Fumigants are chemical substances used to eliminate pests, insects, and microorganisms in various environments, such as buildings, soil, and stored products. They are typically applied in a gaseous state, allowing them to penetrate hard-to-reach areas and effectively control infestations. Common fumigants include methyl bromide, phosphine, and sulfuryl fluoride. These chemicals are often used in agriculture and pest control to protect crops and stored goods from damage. Fumigation requires careful handling and safety measures, as these substances can be toxic to humans and animals. Proper ventilation and protective equipment are essential during the application process.