A fume hood is a ventilated enclosure used in laboratories to safely handle hazardous substances. It works by drawing air into the hood, which helps to contain harmful fumes, vapors, and dust, protecting the user and the environment. The airflow is controlled to ensure that contaminants do not escape into the laboratory. Fume hoods are equipped with a sash, which can be raised or lowered to provide access while maintaining safety. They are essential in many scientific fields, including chemistry and biology, where toxic or volatile materials are frequently used. Proper use and maintenance of fume hoods are crucial for laboratory safety.