Full wave refers to a type of electrical signal processing where both halves of an alternating current (AC) waveform are utilized. This method effectively converts the entire waveform into a usable direct current (DC) signal, improving efficiency compared to half-wave rectification, which only uses one half of the waveform. In a full wave rectifier, components like diodes are used to allow current to flow in both directions, ensuring that the output is smoother and more consistent. This technique is commonly used in power supplies for electronic devices, providing a stable voltage for operation.