Frequency regulation is the process of maintaining the balance between electricity supply and demand in a power grid. When electricity consumption increases or decreases, the frequency of the grid can fluctuate. This can lead to instability, so operators use various methods to adjust generation or load to keep the frequency within a specific range, typically around 60 Hz in North America. To achieve frequency regulation, utilities may employ energy storage systems, demand response programs, or peaking power plants. These resources can quickly increase or decrease power output, helping to stabilize the grid and ensure a reliable electricity supply for consumers.