A French drain is a type of drainage system designed to redirect water away from specific areas, such as basements or foundations. It consists of a trench filled with gravel or rock, containing a perforated pipe that collects and channels excess water. This helps prevent flooding and water damage by allowing groundwater to flow away from structures. Typically installed in areas with poor drainage, a French drain can be an effective solution for managing surface water and groundwater. It is commonly used in residential landscaping, around foundations, and in agricultural settings to protect crops from excess moisture.