Fredrik Wilhelm Scholander was a notable Norwegian zoologist and biologist, born on February 24, 1900. He is best known for his pioneering research in the field of physiology, particularly regarding the adaptations of marine mammals. His work contributed significantly to the understanding of how these animals survive in extreme environments. Scholander's most famous contributions include studies on seals and whales, where he explored their diving capabilities and oxygen consumption. His research laid the groundwork for future studies in marine biology and ecology, influencing how scientists understand the physiological challenges faced by marine life.