Frederick Taylor's Scientific Management is a theory developed in the early 20th century that focuses on improving economic efficiency and labor productivity. Taylor believed that work processes could be analyzed and optimized through scientific methods. By breaking down tasks into smaller, manageable parts, he aimed to find the most efficient way to perform each job, which ultimately increased output and reduced waste. This approach also emphasized the importance of training and selecting the right workers for specific tasks. Taylor's principles laid the groundwork for modern management practices and influenced various industries, making work more systematic and efficient while aiming to enhance worker satisfaction.