Fractional representation is a voting system where political parties gain seats in a legislature in proportion to the number of votes they receive. This method contrasts with winner-takes-all systems, where only the candidate with the most votes wins. Fractional representation aims to ensure that diverse viewpoints are represented in government, allowing smaller parties to have a voice. In fractional representation, votes are often calculated using various methods, such as the D'Hondt method or the Sainte-Laguë method. These systems help distribute seats more equitably among parties, reflecting the electorate's preferences and promoting a more inclusive political landscape.