Fracking, or hydraulic fracturing, is a method used to extract natural gas and oil from deep underground. This process involves injecting high-pressure fluid into rock formations, creating fractures that allow fossil fuels to flow more freely. It has significantly increased the availability of natural gas in the United States and other countries. While fracking has boosted energy production and created jobs, it has also raised environmental concerns. Critics argue that it can lead to water contamination and increased seismic activity. Balancing the economic benefits with environmental protection remains a key challenge for policymakers and communities involved in fracking operations.