The four main Sunni schools of thought in Islam are the Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, and Hanbali schools. Each school interprets Islamic law, or Sharia, differently based on the Quran, the Hadith (sayings of the Prophet Muhammad), and other sources. The Hanafi school is known for its flexibility and reasoning, while the Maliki school emphasizes the practices of the people of Medina. The Shafi'i school is recognized for its systematic approach to jurisprudence, and the Hanbali school is the most conservative, focusing on strict adherence to texts. These schools reflect the diversity within Sunni Islam, allowing for various interpretations and practices among Muslims.