Fortified towns are settlements designed with defensive structures to protect against attacks. These towns often feature walls, gates, and towers, which were built to withstand sieges and invasions. The layout typically includes narrow streets and strategically placed buildings to enhance security. Historically, fortified towns were common during periods of conflict, especially in Europe during the Middle Ages. They served as safe havens for residents and were often located near important resources, such as rivers or trade routes. Examples of fortified towns include Carcassonne in France and Dubrovnik in Croatia, both known for their impressive fortifications.