Former republics refer to nations that once operated as independent republics but have since changed their political status. This can occur due to various reasons, such as unification with other countries, annexation, or transformation into different forms of government. Examples include the Soviet Union republics that gained independence after its dissolution in 1991. These former republics often retain cultural and historical ties to their past governance. They may still celebrate their republican heritage through national holidays and symbols, even as they navigate new political landscapes. The transition can impact their economies, societies, and international relations significantly.