Formalism is an approach in art and literary criticism that emphasizes the form and structure of a work rather than its content or context. It focuses on elements such as composition, color, and technique in visual arts, or narrative structure and language in literature, to analyze and appreciate the work's aesthetic value. This method seeks to understand how the arrangement of these elements contributes to the overall experience of the artwork. By prioritizing form over meaning, Formalism allows for a more objective analysis, encouraging viewers and readers to engage with the work on a purely visual or structural level.