Fixed-point representation is a method of encoding real numbers in a way that maintains a consistent number of digits before and after the decimal point. This format is commonly used in computer systems where precise control over numerical values is necessary, such as in digital signal processing or embedded systems. The fixed-point format allows for efficient arithmetic operations since the position of the decimal point is predetermined. In fixed-point representation, the total number of bits is divided into two parts: the integer part and the fractional part. For example, in a 16-bit fixed-point system, 8 bits might be allocated for the integer portion and 8 bits for the fractional portion. This approach simplifies calculations and reduces the complexity of hardware design compared to floating-point representation, which can vary the position of the decimal point.