The First Polish Republic, also known as the Commonwealth of Poland, existed from 1569 to 1795. It was formed through the union of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, creating a large and diverse state in Central Europe. The Republic was characterized by a unique political system called the Nobles' Democracy, where the nobility held significant power and influence over governance. The First Polish Republic reached its peak in the late 16th century, but it faced challenges such as internal conflicts and external invasions. Ultimately, it was partitioned by neighboring powers—Russia, Prussia, and Austria—in three stages between 1772 and 1795, leading to its disappearance from the map of Europe until the 20th century.