Fine aggregate refers to small particles used in construction, typically consisting of sand or crushed stone. These materials are essential for creating concrete and mortar, as they help fill the spaces between larger aggregates, providing strength and stability to the final product. Fine aggregates usually pass through a sieve with a mesh size of 4.75 mm. The quality of fine aggregate can significantly affect the durability and workability of concrete. It is important to select clean, well-graded fine aggregates to ensure optimal performance. Common sources of fine aggregate include natural river sand and manufactured sand from crushed rock.