Coarse aggregate refers to the larger particles used in construction materials, primarily in concrete and asphalt. These aggregates typically range in size from 4.75 mm to 80 mm and can include materials like gravel, crushed stone, or recycled concrete. They provide strength and stability to structures, making them essential for building foundations, roads, and other infrastructure. The selection of coarse aggregate is crucial, as it affects the overall durability and performance of the final product. Factors such as size, shape, and texture influence how well the aggregate bonds with cement and other materials. Properly graded coarse aggregates help ensure a strong and resilient construction.