The `Filter()` function is a method used in programming, particularly in languages like JavaScript and Python, to create a new array or list containing elements that meet specific criteria. It takes a function as an argument, which tests each element, and only those that return true are included in the new collection. This is useful for narrowing down data sets based on certain conditions. For example, if you have an array of numbers and want to find only the even numbers, you can use `Filter()` to apply a condition that checks if each number is divisible by 2. This results in a new array containing only the even numbers, making data manipulation more efficient and straightforward.