Fibrocystic changes refer to a common condition in which the breast tissue becomes lumpy or rope-like due to the presence of fluid-filled cysts and fibrous tissue. These changes are often benign and can cause discomfort, especially before menstruation. They are most prevalent in women of reproductive age and can vary in severity. The exact cause of fibrocystic changes is not fully understood, but hormonal fluctuations, particularly involving estrogen and progesterone, are believed to play a significant role. While these changes are usually harmless, it is important for individuals to monitor their breast health and consult a healthcare provider if they notice any unusual changes.