Ferns are a group of vascular plants that reproduce via spores instead of seeds. They are known for their feathery, green leaves called fronds, which can vary greatly in size and shape. Ferns thrive in moist, shaded environments and can be found in a variety of habitats, from tropical rainforests to temperate woodlands. These ancient plants have existed for over 300 million years, making them one of the oldest groups of plants on Earth. Ferns play a crucial role in their ecosystems, providing habitat and food for various organisms. Their unique reproductive cycle and adaptability make them fascinating subjects of study in botany and ecology.