Fermat's Enigma refers to a famous problem in number theory proposed by the French mathematician Pierre de Fermat in 1637. He claimed that there are no three positive integers a, b, and c that satisfy the equation a^n + b^n = c^n for any integer value of n greater than 2. This assertion became known as Fermat's Last Theorem. For over 350 years, mathematicians attempted to prove Fermat's claim, but it remained unsolved until Andrew Wiles, a British mathematician, finally proved it in 1994. His proof involved advanced concepts from algebraic geometry and number theory, marking a significant milestone in mathematics and resolving one of its most enduring mysteries.