Female cones are reproductive structures found in gymnosperms, such as pine trees and cedars. They are typically larger than male cones and contain ovules, which develop into seeds after fertilization. Female cones can take several years to mature, depending on the species. Once fertilized, the seeds develop within the scales of the female cone. When the seeds are ready, the cone opens to release them into the environment, allowing for new plant growth. This process is essential for the reproduction and survival of gymnosperms in various ecosystems.