The term "Federalist" refers to supporters of a strong national government in the early United States, particularly during the late 18th century. They advocated for the ratification of the U.S. Constitution, which aimed to create a more centralized government compared to the previous Articles of Confederation. Key figures among the Federalists included Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay. The Federalist movement was characterized by the belief that a robust federal government was essential for maintaining order, protecting individual rights, and promoting economic growth. Their ideas were articulated in a series of essays known as the Federalist Papers, which argued for the benefits of a unified nation and the importance of checks and balances within the government.