Failure Mode Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) is a systematic method used to identify potential failures in a product or process. It examines how these failures can occur, their effects on the system, and the severity of their impact. By analyzing each failure mode, teams can prioritize risks and focus on the most critical issues that need addressing. The analysis involves assessing the likelihood of each failure and its consequences, allowing organizations to implement preventive measures. This proactive approach helps improve reliability and safety, ultimately leading to better quality products and services while reducing costs associated with failures.