Extraterritoriality refers to the ability of a country to enforce its laws beyond its own borders. This means that a nation can apply its legal standards to individuals or entities located in other countries, often in cases involving international trade, human rights, or environmental regulations. For example, if a company based in the United States violates U.S. law while operating in another country, the U.S. government may still hold that company accountable. This concept can lead to complex legal situations, as it raises questions about jurisdiction and the sovereignty of nations.