The Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) is a network authentication framework used primarily in wireless networks and point-to-point connections. It allows various authentication methods, such as passwords, digital certificates, and token cards, to be used in a flexible manner. This adaptability makes EAP suitable for different security requirements and environments. EAP is commonly implemented in conjunction with protocols like RADIUS and is a key component of the IEEE 802.1X standard, which provides port-based network access control. By supporting multiple authentication mechanisms, EAP enhances security and user experience in diverse networking scenarios.