Exopolysaccharides
Exopolysaccharides (EPS) are large molecules made up of sugar chains that are secreted by microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi. These substances play a crucial role in forming biofilms, which are communities of microorganisms that adhere to surfaces. EPS can help protect these communities from environmental stresses and enhance their survival.
In addition to their ecological functions, exopolysaccharides have various applications in food, pharmaceuticals, and biotechnology. They can act as thickening agents, stabilizers, or emulsifiers in products. Some EPS also possess health benefits, such as prebiotic effects, which can promote the growth of beneficial gut bacteria.