Evolutionary thinkers are individuals who study and contribute to the understanding of how species change over time through the process of evolution. They explore concepts such as natural selection, genetic variation, and adaptation, which explain how organisms evolve to survive in their environments. Key figures in this field include Charles Darwin, who proposed the theory of natural selection, and Gregor Mendel, known for his work on inheritance patterns. These thinkers often use evidence from various scientific disciplines, including genetics, paleontology, and ecology, to support their theories. Their work has significantly influenced our understanding of biodiversity and the interconnectedness of life on Earth, shaping fields like conservation biology and medicine.