Euthyphro Dilemma
The Euthyphro Dilemma originates from a dialogue by the philosopher Plato, where Socrates questions Euthyphro about the nature of piety. The dilemma asks whether something is good because the gods command it, or if the gods command it because it is good. This raises important questions about the relationship between morality and divine authority.
If morality is based solely on divine commands, then it seems arbitrary, as the gods could change their minds. Conversely, if the gods recognize goodness independently, then morality exists outside of divine influence, suggesting that ethical standards are not solely determined by religious beliefs.