The European Renaissance was a cultural and intellectual movement that began in the late 14th century and lasted into the 17th century. It marked a revival of interest in the classical art, literature, and philosophies of ancient Greece and Rome. This period saw significant advancements in various fields, including art, science, and literature, leading to the emergence of renowned figures such as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. During the Renaissance, humanism became a prominent philosophy, emphasizing the value of human potential and achievements. The invention of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg in the mid-15th century played a crucial role in spreading Renaissance ideas across Europe. This era laid the groundwork for the modern age, influencing education, politics, and culture.