European philosophy refers to the body of philosophical thought that has developed in Europe over centuries. It encompasses a wide range of ideas and movements, from ancient Greek philosophy, represented by figures like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, to modern thinkers such as René Descartes and Immanuel Kant. This tradition explores fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, ethics, and the nature of reality. Throughout history, European philosophy has evolved through various periods, including the Renaissance, the Enlightenment, and Existentialism. Each era introduced new concepts and debates, influencing not only philosophy but also science, politics, and art. Key movements include Rationalism, Empiricism, and Phenomenology, which have shaped contemporary thought and continue to impact discussions in various fields today.