Euclid was an ancient Greek mathematician, often referred to as the "Father of Geometry." He lived around 300 BCE in Alexandria, Egypt, and is best known for his work, the "Elements," which systematically compiled and organized the knowledge of geometry of his time. This influential text consists of 13 books covering topics such as plane geometry, number theory, and solid geometry. The "Elements" introduced definitions, postulates, and proofs that laid the groundwork for modern mathematics. Euclid's logical approach to geometry has influenced countless mathematicians and scientists throughout history, making his work a cornerstone of mathematical education and thought.