Esophageal motility refers to the coordinated muscle contractions in the esophagus that facilitate the movement of food from the throat to the stomach. These contractions, known as peristalsis, occur in a wave-like pattern, ensuring that food is pushed downward efficiently. The process is essential for swallowing and digestion. The motility of the esophagus is regulated by the nervous system and involves both voluntary and involuntary actions. Disorders in esophageal motility can lead to conditions such as achalasia or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which can cause difficulty in swallowing or discomfort.