Escherichia coli, commonly known as E. coli, is a type of bacteria found in the intestines of humans and animals. Most strains are harmless and play a vital role in digestion, helping to break down food and produce essential vitamins. However, some strains can cause foodborne illnesses, leading to symptoms like diarrhea and abdominal cramps. E. coli is often associated with contaminated food or water, particularly undercooked meat and unwashed vegetables. To prevent infection, it is important to practice good hygiene, such as washing hands and cooking food thoroughly. Understanding E. coli helps in promoting food safety and public health.