Error-Correcting Code (ECC) is a method used in computer science and telecommunications to detect and correct errors in data transmission or storage. It adds extra bits to the original data, allowing the system to identify and fix mistakes that may occur due to noise or interference during transmission. ECC is essential for ensuring data integrity, especially in critical applications like computer memory, data storage, and communication systems. By using algorithms, ECC can automatically correct errors without needing to resend the data, improving efficiency and reliability in digital communications.