Computer memory refers to the components in a computer that store data temporarily or permanently. It allows the computer to access and process information quickly. There are two main types of memory: RAM (Random Access Memory), which is temporary and used for active tasks, and ROM (Read-Only Memory), which is permanent and stores essential instructions for booting up the computer. Memory is crucial for a computer's performance. The more RAM a computer has, the more tasks it can handle simultaneously without slowing down. Additionally, storage devices like hard drives and solid-state drives provide long-term data storage, ensuring that information is retained even when the computer is turned off.