Equine physiology is the study of the biological systems and functions of horses. It encompasses various aspects, including the horse's muscular, skeletal, and cardiovascular systems. Understanding these systems helps in assessing a horse's health, performance, and overall well-being. Key components of equine physiology include muscle fibers, which determine a horse's speed and endurance, and the respiratory system, which is crucial for oxygen intake during exercise. Additionally, the digestive system of horses is unique, as they are designed to graze continuously, requiring a specialized diet for optimal health and performance.