Epimerase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of one epimer into another. Epimers are a specific type of stereoisomer that differ in configuration at only one specific carbon atom. This enzymatic activity is crucial in various metabolic pathways, particularly in the metabolism of carbohydrates. These enzymes play a significant role in the synthesis and breakdown of sugars, influencing processes such as glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. By facilitating the interconversion of epimers, epimerases help maintain the balance of different sugar forms in biological systems, which is essential for proper cellular function and energy production.