English literature refers to the body of written works produced in the English language, encompassing a wide range of genres, styles, and themes. It includes poetry, novels, plays, and essays, reflecting the culture and history of English-speaking societies. Notable periods include the Medieval, Renaissance, and Victorian eras, each contributing unique voices and perspectives. Key figures in English literature include William Shakespeare, known for his plays and sonnets, and Jane Austen, celebrated for her novels exploring social issues. The literature often addresses universal themes such as love, conflict, and identity, making it relevant across different cultures and time periods.