Encoding is the process of converting information into a specific format for efficient transmission or storage. This can involve transforming data into binary code, which is the language of computers, or using various encoding schemes like UTF-8 for text. The goal is to ensure that the information can be easily accessed and understood by the intended system or user. Decoding, on the other hand, is the reverse process where the encoded information is converted back into its original format. This allows users or systems to interpret and utilize the data effectively. For example, when a computer receives encoded data, it decodes it to display readable text or images, ensuring that the information is accessible and meaningful.