The term "Empresses of Russia" refers to the female rulers of the Russian Empire, who held significant power and influence. Notable empresses include Catherine the Great, who expanded the empire and modernized its administration, and Empress Anna, known for her extravagant court and the establishment of the Academy of Sciences. These empresses often came to power through marriage or succession and played crucial roles in shaping Russian history. Their reigns were marked by cultural advancements, territorial expansion, and complex political dynamics, reflecting the challenges and achievements of women in leadership during their time.