Emperor Zhang of Han was the fifth emperor of the Han Dynasty in China, ruling from 75 to 88 AD. He was born as Liu Ying and became emperor after the death of his father, Emperor Ming. His reign is noted for its focus on consolidating the power of the central government and promoting Confucianism as the state philosophy. During his rule, Emperor Zhang implemented various reforms that improved the economy and strengthened the military. He also expanded the Silk Road, enhancing trade and cultural exchange with other regions. His leadership contributed to a period of relative peace and prosperity known as the Pax Sinica.