Electrical effects refer to the physical changes that occur when electric current flows through a conductor. These effects can include heating, magnetic fields, and chemical reactions. For example, when electricity passes through a wire, it can generate heat due to resistance, which is known as the Joule effect. Another important electrical effect is electromagnetism, where electric currents create magnetic fields. This principle is utilized in devices like electric motors and transformers. Understanding these effects is crucial for designing and improving electrical systems and technologies.