Electric propulsion refers to a variety of propulsion methods that use electrical energy to accelerate propellant. This technology is commonly used in spacecraft, where it provides efficient thrust for long-duration missions. Unlike traditional chemical propulsion, electric propulsion systems can operate for extended periods, making them ideal for deep space exploration. One of the most notable types of electric propulsion is ion propulsion, which generates thrust by ionizing a gas and using electric fields to accelerate the ions. This method allows spacecraft to achieve higher speeds with less fuel, significantly enhancing mission capabilities and reducing travel time to distant destinations like Mars or the outer planets.