The Electorate of Saxony was a significant historical territory in the Holy Roman Empire, located in what is now eastern Germany. Established in the early 15th century, it became a key player in European politics, particularly during the Reformation and the Thirty Years' War. The electorate was ruled by the House of Wettin, which played a crucial role in shaping the region's history. The Electorate of Saxony was known for its cultural contributions, including advancements in art and education. The capital, Dresden, became a center for Baroque architecture and music. The electorate's influence waned in the 19th century, eventually becoming part of the modern state of Saxony.