Egg-laying hens, also known as laying hens, are domesticated birds specifically bred for their ability to produce eggs. They belong to the species Gallus gallus domesticus and are typically kept in farms or backyards. These hens can lay eggs almost daily, with the average hen producing about 250 to 300 eggs per year. The eggs laid by these hens come in various colors, including white and brown, depending on the breed. Common breeds of egg-laying hens include Leghorns, Rhode Island Reds, and Plymouth Rocks. Proper care, including a balanced diet and adequate living conditions, is essential for their health and productivity.