The Edict of Toleration was a decree issued in 1781 by Emperor Joseph II of the Holy Roman Empire. It aimed to grant religious freedom to various Christian denominations, particularly the Protestants and Catholics, allowing them to practice their faith without fear of persecution. This edict marked a significant shift towards greater religious tolerance in a time when many regions faced strict religious laws. The edict was part of Joseph II's broader reforms to modernize the empire and promote civil rights. While it improved the situation for many religious groups, it faced resistance from conservative factions within the church and society, leading to mixed results in its implementation.