Ecosystem ecology is the study of how living organisms interact with each other and their physical environment. It focuses on the flow of energy and the cycling of nutrients within ecosystems, which include various habitats like forests, wetlands, and oceans. Researchers examine how these interactions affect the structure and function of ecosystems. In ecosystem ecology, scientists often analyze food webs, which illustrate the relationships between different species, such as producers, consumers, and decomposers. They also study the impact of human activities, climate change, and other factors on ecosystem health and sustainability, aiming to understand how to protect and restore natural environments.