Early settlements were small communities established by groups of people seeking a stable place to live. These settlements often formed near rivers or fertile land, which provided essential resources like water and food. The development of agriculture allowed people to grow crops and domesticate animals, leading to more permanent homes and the rise of villages. As populations grew, early settlements evolved into larger towns and cities. This growth facilitated trade and cultural exchange, as people shared ideas, goods, and technologies. Notable early settlements include Çatalhöyük in Turkey and Mesopotamia, which are recognized for their advanced social structures and innovations.